Interview question

What is the difference between a module and a package in Python? Python में module और package में क्या अंतर है?

Answer

Term	Definition
Module	A single .py file containing Python code (functions, classes, variables)
Package	A directory containing multiple modules, with an __init__.py file marking it as a package

# math_utils.py - this file IS a module
def add(a, b):
    return a + b

def subtract(a, b):
    return a - b

# Using the module
import math_utils
print(math_utils.add(2, 3))  # 5

# Package structure example:
# myapp/
#   __init__.py
#   utils/
#     __init__.py
#     math_utils.py
#     string_utils.py
#   models/
#     __init__.py
#     user.py

# Importing from a package
from myapp.utils.math_utils import add
from myapp.models.user import User

# Since Python 3.3, __init__.py is technically optional for 'namespace packages',
# but explicit __init__.py is still recommended for regular packages
# for clarity and to control what gets exposed on import

Term	Definition
Module	Python code वाली एक .py file
Package	कई modules वाली directory, __init__.py के साथ

# math_utils.py - यह file एक module है
def add(a, b):
    return a + b

def subtract(a, b):
    return a - b

import math_utils
print(math_utils.add(2, 3))  # 5

# Package structure उदाहरण:
# myapp/
#   __init__.py
#   utils/
#     __init__.py
#     math_utils.py
#   models/
#     __init__.py
#     user.py

from myapp.utils.math_utils import add
from myapp.models.user import User

# Python 3.3 से __init__.py technically optional है, पर
# explicit __init__.py अभी भी recommend किया जाता है

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